I had to do some digging but found in one of the original PR’s for the bar chart some source data:

So it looks like the bar chart requires the first column to be a string and this is used to name the group, then the rest of the columns are the bars for that group.
I was able to get the time to show up properly by jumping through a couple hoops:
I’m using a Loki query (a Loki metric query which has the same result as a Prometheus query) and I’m forcing a large step 7d with a matching range [7d] so that I’m getting weekly summaries with multiple series returned in the result, so first I needed to flatten the multiple series and I did this with an outer join transform on the Time field because my particular query which forces the step and range gives me series with aligned timestamps.
Here’s the magic though, to get the timestamp to show up for the name of the time grouping you have to convert it to a string field:
Now if you look at the dashboard in Table View:
You can see the first column is a String and the rest are numeric values of my data (for me it’s some time tracking data I’m working on)
Unfortunately this then shows the timestamp as a unix ms timestamp, however I could work around this with an override:
And then the last bit of magic, I’m using the 8.3-beta2 which has support for rotating the x-axis label and also lets you clip the length:



